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Oscillating Systems | Lecture 2 | SHM Case Studies: Pendulums and Springs

Oscillating Systems | Lecture 2 | SHM Case Studies: Pendulums and Springs

Notice how the length of the string affects the period of oscillation.

Learning Objectives

One of Project BoxSand's goals is to close-the-loop on effective curriculum reform iterations. We are coding all the content and resources, every text, video, and homework question, to a set of atomistic learning objectives. As students go through the course we can see how their path through resources relates to successfully completing these learning objectives. This allows us to find the most effective resources for accomplishing the desired learning outcomes.  

Summary

The goal is to become familiar with the characteristics of vectors in multiple representations and use them for the appropriate physical quantities. Specifically, students need to be able to use physical and mathematical representation to perform vector operations such as scalar multiplication, addition, subtraction.

 

Atomistic Goals

Students will be able to...

1. The student is able to calculate the expected behavior of a system using the object model (i.e., by ignoring changes in internal structure) to analyze a situation. Then, when the model fails, the student can justify the use of conservation of energy principles to calculate the change in internal energy due to changes in internal structure because the object is actually a system. [SP 1.4, 2.1]
2. The student is able to describe and make qualitative and/or quantitative predictions about everyday examples of systems with internal potential energy. [SP 2.2, 6.4, 7.2]
3. The student is able to make quantitative calculations of the internal potential energy of a system from a description or diagram of that system. [SP 1.4, 2.2]
4. The student is able to apply mathematical reasoning to create a description of the internal potential energy of a system from a description or diagram of the objects and interactions in that system. [SP 1.4, 2.2]
5. The student is able to describe and make predictions about the internal energy of systems. [SP 6.4, 7.2]
6. The student is able to calculate changes in kinetic energy and potential energy of a system, using information from representations of that system. [SP 1.4, 2.1, 2.2]

Pre-lecture | Familiarize Stage

The success of this curriculum relies heavily on preparing for lecture by engaging with the pre-lecture study resources below. The pre-lecture videos and homework have the strongest correlation with success, followed by the reading. More engagement with all of the resources is correlated with better performance in the course. Students who do the pre-lecture study and homework also report much greater satisfaction with the course. Routine is the heavy lifter of success!

Reading

To prepare for the pre-lecture homework and the lecture material, read the following OpenStax textbook chapters, BoxSand introductions, or other linked articles. 

From The Physics Classroom we have,

Motion of a mass on a spring, Pendulums
The Physics Classroom Icon The Physics Classroom Icon

 

Videos

To prepare for the pre-lecture homework and lecture materials, watch the following required videos. Research shows that taking notes by hand is the preferable method for retention. For this reason these videos are paced so that you can write down everything we write down. There are also supplementary videos that are strongly suggested but could be viewed after lecture while working on practice problems. Watching all of these videos is shown to be one of the strongest correlators with success in this course. 

| Required Pre-lecture Videos |

SHM pendulum small angles (17min)

Kaltura URL

| Supplemental but Suggested |

SHM summary of relationships (4min) **

Kaltura URL

SHM equations and variables example (9min) **

Kaltura URL

Energy pendulum example (5min) **

Kaltura URL

SHM omega (1min) **

Kaltura URL

SHM vertical spring(9min) **

Kaltura URL

SHM vertical spring example(5min) **

Kaltura URL

SHM equations from observation (11min) **

Kaltura URL

Energy horizontal spring example (4min) **

Kaltura URL

two horizontal springs example (6min) **

Kaltura URL

   

Simulations

This PhET simulation you can explore the effects of mass, length of cable and gravity on a simple pendulum,

Phet Interactive Simulations Icon

 

Other Suggested Resources

 

Pre-lecture Homework

Complete the following assignment before attending lecture or answering the lecture questions. Watching the videos and performing the suggested reading before attempting these questions will likely be necessary.

    Pre-lecture Homework | Calendar

 

Lecture | Foundation Stage

In order to maximize efficiency while learning physics, education research has suggested a Flipped Classroom approach with multiple Guided Peer Learning (GPL) lectures a week. To get the most out of these events students need to front load the lecture with pre-lecture study, outlined above. Attending a live lecture is highly preferred but if you're unable to, there is an asynchronous alternative. During lecture it is important to either use a digital version with a tablet and pen, or print a copy to write on. If the live lectures feel too fast, read through each lecture question and prepare before class begins. Many questions will be skipped due to time constraints, it is a good study strategy to come back and try to answer those questions.

 

Lecture Templates

The blank template workbook is provided so that you do not have to write down the questions or redraw complicated figures.

    Lecture Template | Calendar

Lecture Solutions

The completed templates will be available within one week of the last lecture class. It is an important metacognative step to review the questions you've answered that we were unable to cover in class.

    Lecture Solutions | Calendar

Post-lecture | Practice Stage

The most important post-lecture activity is doing your post-lecture homework shortly after completing the lecture questions. You learn physics by practicing problems! Occasionally there may be additional resources on the BoxSand site that we feel could be helpful in your learning. Those resources will be linked here.

 

Reading

    1. none

Videos

    1. none

Simulations

    1. none

Other Suggested Resources

    1. none

Example Problems and Practice

1.  The displacement from equilibrium is plotted vs time for a spring mass system underging simple harmonic oscillation.  The mass is $0.5 \, kg$. 

This is a graph of a position over time graph where the position is graphed on the y axis in centimeters and the time is graphed on the x axis as seconds. The spring-mass system oscillates where the mass initially starts at the zero position, in the center and moves in a sine curve with the maximum and minimum amplitude equal to one point five centimeters.

Determine the...
     (a)  ...amplitude.
     (b)  ...period.
     (c)  ...frequency.
     (d)  ...maximum speed that the oscillator reaches.  Identify the locations on the plot with a circle.
     (e)  ...maximum acceleration of the oscillator?  Idensity the locations on the plot with a square.
     (f)  ...spring constant.
     (g)  ...total energy.
     (h)  Write an equation for this displacement as a function of time.

 

    2. There are additional practice problems you can work for credit | Calendar

 

Post-lecture Homework

Complete the post-lecture homework assignment as soon as possible after completing the lecture questions. If you need help, and you've already watched the pre-lecture videos and read the pre-lecture readings, reach out to one of our many support systems available here: support site.

    Post-lecture Homework | Calendar

Challenge Homework | Mastery Stage

One of the main learning objectives is improving problem solving and critical thinking skills. These are high on Bloom's Taxonomy of thinking and require synthesizing multiple logical ideas and concepts into a consistent framework. To improve these skills requires continually pushing the envelope on what you can analyze. Challenge homework is designed to push you, often to the point of reaching out for help. Luckily we are ready to support you with our live and asynchronous support. The last objective of challenge homework is for you to write out your solutions clearly, have them graded by a human, and partial credit given. Exams are all about partial credit and a clearly organized solution that leads the reader through the logical pieces. Challenge homework is place to practice these steps. For more help on any studies or homework, see our support site.

Your challenge homework solutions are to be saved as a PDF and uploaded to Gradescope.

Challenge Homework Questions

Download the questions below and either answer them digitally with your tablet and pen or by hand.

    Challenge Homework Questions can be found on the calendar.

Challenge Homework Solutions

Challenge homework solutions will be available within one week of their due date.

   Challenge Homework Solutions | Calendar